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Automating your visitor count, achieving 98% people counting accuracy

By Richard Ellor
7 December 2020
4 min read
Automating your visitor count, achieving 98% people counting accuracy
People counting calculator

How accurate is your visitor count, and what does it cost?

Compare door staff, WiFi analytics and 3D sensors on daily counting error and annual cost, then test an occupancy limit.

Medium footfall where conversion rate (sales divided by visitors) depends on an accurate door count.

Counting method to assess

Results

Visitors missed a day
50
with overhead 3d stereo or tof sensors, against 250 with clickers
Manual counting cost a year
£93,600
7,200 staffed door hours
Saving with sensors a year
£92,400
after £1,200 sensor cost
Payback
Under 1
months of manual counting cost

Method: missed visitors = visitors a day x (1 - typical accuracy). Manual cost = entrances x open hours x days open x staff cost, assuming one counter per door whenever the venue is open. Sensor cost is hardware spread over five years plus licence; £600 a door a year is a mid-range assumption, so enter your own quote. Accuracy figures are typical validated ranges; confirm yours with a manual audit at your busiest hour.

Occupancy limit simulator

How a live count drives an entrance sign. Thresholds: 75% warns staff, 90% pauses entry.

80% full (240 of 300)Approaching limit
Welcome, please come in
Space for 60 more people
Nearly full
Staff alerted; slow entry at the door
Please wait
Entry resumes as people leave
MethodHeadcount accuracyIn and outGroupsAny lightingDwell timeStaff
Door staff with tally clickersAbout 90%, lower at peaksUsually in onlyMisses at busy timesNot applicableNoOne person per door
WiFi probe analyticsAbout 75% until calibratedNoOnly phones with WiFi onYesYesNone
Overhead 3D stereo or ToF sensors98% or betterYes, in and outYes, side by sideYes (ToF works in the dark)Only at the lineNone
3D sensors plus WiFi analytics98% or better (from 3D)Yes, in and outYes, side by sideYesYes, from WiFiNone
See this on your own doors
Purple can combine 3D sensor counts with WiFi dwell data on the network you already have.
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Manually counting people in and out is an inefficient way to collect numbers of visitors, in addition to this, many venues are having to hire additional members of staff to assist with this. 

Venues globally, such as supermarkets and high street retailers have opted to implement a one-in-one-out strategy, where a member of staff stands at the entrance to control the flow of visitors in and out of the store.

Since the manual implementation of counting visitors, businesses are seeing a reduction in operational effectiveness; negatively impacting their bottom line.


This is because there are a number of possible human errors that can occur with manually counting people, the member of staff could be distracted, miscounting, or perhaps elsewhere for a short period of time.

In a time where ensuring that a business has no more than the correct number of occupants in a venue at any given time has never been more important, businesses cannot afford to be achieving low accuracy when it comes to counting. 

Accurately counting people to increase venue safety

As mentioned above the manual counting of people has the possibility of leading to minor mistakes and miscounts, which during an international health crisis, it's not the sort of mistake any business can afford to be making.

There are numerous ways that businesses can utilise technology to improve the safety of their visitors, staff and venue. 

Through connecting cameras with our enterprise-class analytics platform, venues can track visitor numbers with up to 98% accuracy with a 3D compatible camera.

With accurately counting visitors entering and exiting a venue, businesses can also adhere to government guidance through ensuring that it is possible for visitors and staff to maintain a safe social distance. 

Businesses can also give their visitors peace of mind when entering their venue as occupancy numbers and data collected are anonymous,

Automating the flow of visitors into a venue

Venues using software such as Purple's automated people counting and analytics can go further than just counting the number of visitors that enter and exit a venue. 

Businesses can use a signalling system, displayed on the screen at the entrance of a venue, or a specific zone within your venue, indicating whether it is safe (green) for a visitor to enter, or whether they must wait (red) until the visitor numbers in the venue or zone reduce to a safe level.

This can be done via an API that pulls directly from the Purple portal with real-time data, giving your visitors peace of mind.

Using this technology to automatically control the flow of visitors in and out of a venue means queue management becomes extremely efficient. 

Venues are no longer reliant on a member of staff manually counting visitor numbers and estimating how many people can enter.

In addition to all this, it's possible to use this live data to update your website with occupancy levels and busy periods or use kiosks and displays to highlight the number of visitors in the venue at any given time.

As businesses who have adapted to automation will gladly testify, operational efficiency has improved, so has safety, and as a result of this, visitor and customer numbers are on the increase.

This leaves businesses who are still approaching occupancy and people counting with a manual approach left a little in the dust.

Find out more about our occupancy control and people counting solution

Frequently asked questions

How do 3D stereoscopic sensors achieve 98% people counting accuracy?

Overhead 3D stereoscopic and Time-of-Flight (ToF) LiDAR sensors capture high-resolution depth maps from above doorways. By measuring the physical height, shoulder width, and vector trajectory of moving objects, the edge processors track individual human heads with 98% to 99% accuracy while filtering out shadows, floor reflections, shopping trolleys, and prams.

What is the difference between optical 3D sensors and WiFi presence analytics?

Optical 3D sensors provide bidirectional line-crossing counts at specific physical entryways to determine exact doorway volume. WiFi presence analytics measure smartphone probe requests across your wireless access points, providing broader venue metrics such as dwell time distribution, cross-zone flow, and return visitor frequency without needing line-of-sight overhead cameras.

How does automated entrance signalling control visitor capacity?

Purple connects live sensor data to digital screens or LED indicator lights at entrances via real-time webhooks. When current occupancy approaches safe operational limits, the system dynamically shifts the display from green (enter) to red (please wait), automating customer flow control without requiring dedicated security personnel at every doorway.

Can automated people counting distinguish between staff, customers, and shopping carts?

Yes. Advanced 3D sensors use height filtering (typically ignoring objects under 1.2 metres to distinguish luggage and trolleys from adults) and spatial mass analysis. Venues can also integrate BLE staff badges or WiFi authentication to automatically subtract active on-duty employees from public customer occupancy figures.

How does real-time occupancy data connect to websites and building management systems?

Purple provides REST APIs and WebSocket streams that push occupancy counts in sub-second intervals. Venues use these endpoints to feed live 'busy hour' widgets on consumer websites, automate HVAC and lighting adjustments in building management systems (BMS), and alert store managers when queue wait times exceed defined thresholds.

Is automated people counting compliant with GDPR and privacy regulations?

Yes. 3D optical and ToF sensors do not capture, record, or store identifiable facial images or personal data; all spatial processing occurs on edge hardware before discarding visual frames. WiFi location analytics use one-way salted cryptographic hashing on device MAC addresses, ensuring compliance with GDPR, CCPA, and global privacy standards.

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