Concepteur de sous-réseaux iPSK et de plages DHCP multi-locataires
Planifiez les allocations IP et les paramètres DHCP pour les réseaux d'appartements et de résidences étudiantes utilisant des Identity Pre-Shared Keys.
Planifiez votre allocation de sous-réseau
1. Base IP address block
Enter the starting private IPv4 subnet block (RFC 1918) for the building estate.
2. Number of units
3. Expected devices per unit
10 Devices4. Starting VLAN ID
Base VLAN tag for 802.1Q trunkingSizing 100 units with up to 10 devices each requires 16 IPs per unit (/28 subnet). Your parent pool reserves 2,048 total IP addresses.
Subnet allocation map preview (First 6 of 100 units)
Download the full CSV or JSON file above to obtain all 100 unit records.
| Unit identifier | Subnet CIDR | Gateway IP | Usable DHCP pool range | Broadcast IP | VLAN ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apartment 1 | 10.0.0.0/28 | 10.0.0.1 | 10.0.0.2 - 10.0.0.14 | 10.0.0.15 | VLAN 101 |
| Apartment 2 | 10.0.0.16/28 | 10.0.0.17 | 10.0.0.18 - 10.0.0.30 | 10.0.0.31 | VLAN 102 |
| Apartment 3 | 10.0.0.32/28 | 10.0.0.33 | 10.0.0.34 - 10.0.0.46 | 10.0.0.47 | VLAN 103 |
| Apartment 4 | 10.0.0.48/28 | 10.0.0.49 | 10.0.0.50 - 10.0.0.62 | 10.0.0.63 | VLAN 104 |
| Apartment 5 | 10.0.0.64/28 | 10.0.0.65 | 10.0.0.66 - 10.0.0.78 | 10.0.0.79 | VLAN 105 |
| Apartment 6 | 10.0.0.80/28 | 10.0.0.81 | 10.0.0.82 - 10.0.0.94 | 10.0.0.95 | VLAN 106 |
Wireless controller configuration generator
Select your network hardware stack to produce ready-to-deploy CLI commands and JSON profiles.
# Cisco Meraki MX Security Appliance DHCP & Dynamic VLAN Configuration
# Property Profile: Multi-Tenant Residential WiFi (VLANs 101 to 200)
# WPA2 / WPA3 Enterprise SSID with Identity Pre-Shared Keys (iPSK)
# RADIUS Dynamic VLAN Attribute: Tunnel-Private-Group-ID
# Sample per-unit DHCP scopes (Units 1 to 6):
vlan_101:
name: "Apartment_1"
id: 101
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.1"
subnet: "10.0.0.0/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.2"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.14"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
vlan_102:
name: "Apartment_2"
id: 102
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.17"
subnet: "10.0.0.16/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.18"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.30"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
vlan_103:
name: "Apartment_3"
id: 103
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.33"
subnet: "10.0.0.32/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.34"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.46"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
vlan_104:
name: "Apartment_4"
id: 104
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.49"
subnet: "10.0.0.48/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.50"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.62"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
vlan_105:
name: "Apartment_5"
id: 105
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.65"
subnet: "10.0.0.64/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.66"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.78"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
vlan_106:
name: "Apartment_6"
id: 106
appliance_ip: "10.0.0.81"
subnet: "10.0.0.80/28"
netmask: "255.255.255.240"
dhcp_handling: "Run a DHCP server"
dhcp_lease_time: "1 day"
dhcp_start: "10.0.0.82"
dhcp_end: "10.0.0.94"
dns_nameservers: "custom"
custom_dns: ["1.1.1.1", "8.8.8.8"]
client_isolation: true
Conception technique du réseau pour les exploitants immobiliers
Les Identity Pre-Shared Keys permettent aux propriétés multi-locataires d'héberger un seul SSID tout en isolant les appareils de chaque appartement dans leur propre VLAN privé. Ce concepteur aide les ingénieurs à dimensionner l'espace IP parent, à définir les plages DHCP et à allouer des sous-réseaux propres.
Variables de conception réseau
- Isolation VLAN par appartement pour les appareils connectés et les consoles de jeux.
- Dimensionnement des baux de plages DHCP pour éviter l'épuisement des adresses.
- Génération directe de modèles de configuration pour les principaux contrôleurs sans fil d'entreprise.
The WiFi bubble architecture for multi-tenant housing
Modern residential developments - including Build to Rent (BTR), Purpose-Built Student Accommodation (PBSA), senior living, and social housing - require seamless property-wide connectivity without compromising resident privacy. Broadcasting individual SSIDs per apartment causes severe 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz channel congestion, while a single shared WPA2 password exposes devices to neighbors on the same Layer 2 broadcast domain.
The WiFi Bubble architecture solves this dilemma. A single property-wide SSID is broadcast across all enterprise access points. When a tenant authenticates using their unique Identity Pre-Shared Key (iPSK) or Private Pre-Shared Key (PPSK), the wireless controller consults a cloud RADIUS server and assigns the client to their dedicated private VLAN. Smart TVs, gaming consoles, Apple AirPlay streamers, and laptops communicate securely within the apartment bubble while remaining isolated from other residents.
Explore our comprehensive framework on resident onboarding, operational economics, and IoT device management in the Multi-Tenant WiFi Guide. For enterprise authentication mechanics, review the Enterprise WiFi Security Guide.
Subnet sizing and CIDR prefix allocation benchmarks
Selecting the correct subnet mask per apartment balances host capacity against IP address consumption. Use these sizing benchmarks to plan your parent network allocation across multi-dwelling buildings:
| Unit count | Max devices/unit | Per-unit CIDR mask | Usable hosts/unit | Parent network CIDR | Total parent IPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 Units (Boutique BTR) | Up to 5 devices | /29 (255.255.255.248) | 6 hosts | /24 (256 IPs) | 256 addresses |
| 50 Units (Student Block) | Up to 13 devices | /28 (255.255.255.240) | 14 hosts | /22 (1,024 IPs) | 1,024 addresses |
| 100 Units (Standard MDU) | Up to 13 devices | /28 (255.255.255.240) | 14 hosts | /21 (2,048 IPs) | 2,048 addresses |
| 250 Units (Large Residential) | Up to 29 devices | /27 (255.255.255.224) | 30 hosts | /19 (8,192 IPs) | 8,192 addresses |
| 500 Units (Urban Campus) | Up to 29 devices | /27 (255.255.255.224) | 30 hosts | /18 (16,384 IPs) | 16,384 addresses |
Multi-tenant wireless authentication comparison
Evaluating wireless authentication methods for multi-dwelling residential buildings requires balancing IoT device compatibility against administrative complexity and security:
| Authentication architecture | IoT & Smart TV support | Layer 2 isolation | Client onboarding experience | Controller support |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iPSK / PPSK (Recommended) | Native WPA2/WPA3-Personal passkey. 100% compatible with headless smart devices. | Automated dynamic VLAN steering per key. Complete inter-tenant isolation. | Frictionless. Resident enters key once; smart devices discover local bubble. | Cisco Meraki, HPE Aruba, Ruckus, Juniper Mist, Extreme. |
| 802.1X Enterprise (EAP-TLS/PEAP) | Poor. Most smart plugs, game consoles, and streaming sticks lack 802.1X supplicants. | Dynamic VLAN assignment via RADIUS Tunnel attributes. | Requires certificate installation or username/password entry. High support tickets. | Universal across enterprise hardware. |
| Captive Portal Web Login | Incompatible with headless IoT without MAC authentication bypass. | Client isolation or shared guest subnet. No local device communication. | Browser pop-up required on connect. Ideal for visitors, poor for permanent residents. | Supported via Purple Cloud integrations. |
| Shared WPA2/WPA3 Pre-Shared Key | Native compatibility. | Zero isolation. All residents share the same broadcast domain (Chromecast hijacking risk). | Simple entry, but impossible to revoke a single departing tenant without re-keying all. | Consumer and enterprise APs. |
Enterprise controller implementation blueprints
Deploying multi-tenant identity keys requires configuring dynamic VLAN tags and RADIUS authorization on your wireless infrastructure:
Enable iPSK with RADIUS authentication on the MR access point SSID. The RADIUS server returns Tunnel-Private-Group-ID to dynamically place the device into the tenant VLAN routed by the MX Security Appliance.
Configure Cloud Authentication and Dynamic PSK on Aruba Central. User roles map each unique passphrase to local VLAN subnets and apply role-based access control policies at the AP edge.
Generate per-user DPSKs bound to tenant VLAN tags. Ruckus Virtual SmartZone handles encryption key matching locally and steers traffic directly into the corresponding Virtual Ethernet (VE) interface.
Mist AI provisions dynamic PSKs via API. Each resident key enforces client isolation, dynamic VLAN assignment, and per-resident bandwidth rate limiting without complex on-premise controllers.
DHCP scope and lease time engineering best practices
DHCP misconfiguration is the leading cause of connectivity failures in dense multi-tenant residential networks. Follow these engineering guidelines when deploying per-unit subnets:
Because resident devices remain on site for months, 24-hour DHCP lease times (86,400 seconds) minimize DHCP broadcast traffic and reduce CPU load on core gateway switches. For visitor or public common area SSIDs, use 2 to 4 hour leases to recycle transient MAC addresses.
Ensure switches are configured with DHCP snooping on access ports to prevent rogue DHCP servers (such as a resident accidentally connecting a consumer router backwards into an Ethernet wall jack).
iOS and Android rotate private MAC addresses by default. Allocating at least a /28 subnet (14 usable IPs) per apartment prevents pool exhaustion when residents own multiple devices that generate rotated MAC addresses.
Tout ce que vous devez savoir sur la conception de sous-réseaux iPSK multi-résidences
Qu'est-ce qu'une Identity Pre-Shared Key (iPSK) et comment fonctionne-t-elle en habitat collectif ?
Une Identity Pre-Shared Key (iPSK), ou Private Pre-Shared Key (PPSK), permet à plusieurs résidents de se connecter au même SSID avec des clés uniques. Le serveur RADIUS attribue dynamiquement le VLAN privé du logement à chaque appareil connecté.
Quelle est la différence entre iPSK et PPSK ?
iPSK et PPSK désignent le même concept architectural sous différentes marques de fabricants (Cisco Meraki iPSK, Extreme Networks PPSK, Ruckus DPSK). Tous isolent les appareils dans des VLAN dédiés via WPA2/WPA3-Personal.
Comment choisir le bon masque de sous-réseau par logement ?
Pour un appartement T2 ou T3 standard, un sous-réseau /28 (255.255.255.240) offre 14 adresses IP utilisables. Pour un studio étudiant, un masque /29 (6 hôtes) suffit, tandis qu'un /27 (30 hôtes) convient aux grands logements.
Pourquoi l'isolation des clients et l'affectation dynamique de VLAN sont-elles indispensables ?
Sur un réseau partagé classique, tous les appareils partagent le même domaine de diffusion, exposant les flux AirPlay et caméras aux voisins. Les VLAN dynamiques garantissent une isolation complète de niveau 2.
Comment Purple automatise-t-il le provisionnement iPSK ?
Purple Connect s'intègre aux logiciels de gestion immobilière (PMS) pour générer automatiquement les clés iPSK à la signature du bail et révoquer les accès dès le départ du locataire.
Deploying multi-tenant resident WiFi?
Purple automates resident onboarding, identity key generation, and private VLAN isolation across Cisco Meraki, Aruba, Ruckus, and Juniper Mist. Book a 20-minute architecture review.
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